Bibliographic record
Abstract
Predators do not affect prey solely through direct killing. The fear (i.e. the prospect of imminent, violent death) of predators shapes prey ecology– the mere presence of a predator leaves lasting effects. Current models of fear are based on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in humans. The scientific community has identified brain regions involved in mammalian fear processing. The neurobiological effects of predator fear on wild animals are unknown. I exposed wild black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) to auditory playbacks simulating acute and chronic predation risk and quantified the expression of short- and long-term immediate-early genes in brain regions implicated in the avian fear network: the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala (TnA), hippocampus (Hp), and caudal nidopallium (NC). The TnA and Hp showed short- and long-term changes in response to predation risk. NC results were ambiguous. I provide new information to be incorporated into the biomedical model of fear and the field of predator-prey ecology.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".