Relocation of small and medium industries (SMIs) manufacturing to non-metropolitan areas: a lesson from USA and Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Small and Medium Industries (SMIs) manufacturing are important to any nation because they are the sources of new ideas, new form of competitive advantage, creat new jobs, create income, and other multiplier effects associated with them. The future economic health of any nation depends on the country's ability to achieve greater success through small and medium industries, The availability of raw materials and cheap labour are the major contributing factors toward the trend of relocation of SMIs from urban to rural areas. The other explanation of the decentralisation phenomenon is the is the product life cycle theory of industrial relocation. The choice of location by SMIs managers is based on expectation to fufil firm's goal, and how it fits together with firm's short and long-term objectives. There are six primary concerns for selection of rural industrial locations. Those concerns are labour cost, labour unionisation, proximity to supplier of resources, proximity to market, proximity to other firm's facilities, and quality of life in the area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".