The Efficiency of Some Wild Strain Bacilli on Celluase and Nitrogenase Activities During the Rice Straw Decomposition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This experiment aimed to select new effective bacteria with high ability for cellulose decomposition and nitrogen fixation from various natural materials in order to improve organic fertilizers. CMC, N-free medium were used as culture broth and agar. The procedure determined 60 isolates of bacteria from decomposing rice straw, decomposing wood, cow manure, bagasse organic fertilizers, termite nest and the LDD1 inoculum. After that process, the selected bacteria (6 isolates) were identified for species level. All isolates were rod-shaped, gram-positive and spore forming bacteria that belonged to a bacillus group in species of Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus cereus which some species showed thermophillic character. Then, three sub-experiments were conducted. By considering the testing of the bacterial ability on cellulase activity, CRD with 3 replications were employed. The result showed that 1) G. stearothermophilus DW3 had the highest potential of CMCase activity (37.50 mm diameter), 2) G. stearothermophilus RS6 had the highest potential of FPase activity (4.942 mU/ml), 3) G. stearothermophilus RS2 had the highest potential of Avicelase activity (12.680 mU/ml) and 4) G. stearothermophilus DW3 had the highest potential of α-cellulase activity (4.289 mU/ml). In addition, regarding the study of bacterial nitrogenase activity, CRD with 3 replications were employed. The result showed that B. cereus CM6 had the most outstanding nitrogenase activity (278.788 nmolC2H4/ml/hr). In case of the study on the effectiveness of rice straw decomposition, the CRD with 3 replications were conducted. The study based on the standard index of organic fertilizer of Land Development Department (LDD), Thailand Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. The result was found that the decayed rice straw in the inoculated treatment was qualified at 75 days, whereas the control treatment was not. The percentage of N, P and K in the inoculated treatments at 90 days was better than the previous period. In addition, C/N ratio decreased with times but the amounts of N, P and K increased. On the contrary, the percentages of N, P and K of the control treatment were satisfied while the C/N ratio was not in the standard level. The amounts of bacterial population among the inoculated treatments were not significantly different, but, they were significantly different between the inoculated and the control treatments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".