Short communication: Investigation into sources of contamination of cattle with phenylbutazone
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PHENYLBUTAZONE (PBZ), also known as ‘bute’, is a NSAID authorised to treat horses suffering from musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid and arthritic diseases and to relieve them from the associated pain. An assessment of PBZ by The Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use (CVMP) (European Medicines Agency 1997) found that the main health risks to the consumer were blood dyscrasias and the genotoxic/carcinogenic potential for which no thresholds could be identified and so no maximum residue limits could be established. As a consequence of this assessment, PBZ is not permitted for use in any animal destined for the food chain. The risks were reconfirmed more recently in a joint statement by the European Food Safety Authority and European Medicines Agency (2013). In addition to the EU, PBZ is banned from use in food production animals in most other countries, including the USA, Canada and Japan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".