The Business Response to HIV/AIDS: What it Tells Us About Botswana's 'Variety of Capitalism'
Bibliographic record
Abstract
While the government of Botswana is frequently lauded for its astute management of the economy and well-funded policy response to HIV/AIDS, less attention is often paid to the response by the country’s private sector – that was, if anything, even earlier and more remarkable than that of the country’s public sector. This paper examines the political economy of the business response to HIV/AIDS in Botswana, seeking to understand why important sectors of business responded as they did. The paper uses the epidemic and the dramatic challenges that it posed for the economy as a case study of how private sector elites came to understand and price risk in the midst of tremendous uncertainty and an unfolding social crisis. How businesses in Botswana come to understand their own interests – and why they come to see a constructive response to the epidemic as key to their interests- reveals a great deal about the variety of capitalism that is evolving in Botswana. The paper draws on fieldwork in Botswana, extensive elite interviews and insights gleaned from a comparative study of the same issues in South Africa, Kenya and Uganda.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".