Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is shown there exist two families of earth-eclipse evasion (E3) orbits in which spacecraft do not experience eclipses of the Sun by the Earth. One family is Sun-synchronous, and has two members: circular, with allowable altitudes in the range 1432 ≤ h ≤ 3291 km, and elliptic, with allowable apogees as high as 12 091 km and whose orbit planes rotate, in-plane, at a frequency of either +1, 0, 1, or 2 revolutions per year. The other family is not Sun-synchronous, but requires that the number of spacecraft orbits per year, N, be an even integer ≤ 64. The typical orbital radius for members of this family is >35% that of the Moon, sufficiently large that lunar and, to a lesser degree, solar perturbations are significant and limit the duration of E3 behaviour. Nevertheless E3 durations of up to 10.25 years are possible in this family (e.g., at N = 50) by the judicious selection of initial orbital parameters. Some potential advantages of E3 orbits are suggested regarding both spacecraft simplifications and mission applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".