Approximation of Infinitesimal Rotations in Calculus of Variations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper focuses on problems dealing with very small angular displacements, i.e., infinitesimal or micro rotations, where these rotations are desired to be approximately treated as Euclidean vectors. For such problems, an appropriate and consistent approach to approximate the rotation matrix, the angular velocity and acceleration vectors, and the virtual rotation vector, up to the first order, is presented and the calculus of variations (or Hamilton’s principle) when applied to such problems is characterized. Also, a discrepancy observed in previous works dealing with the infinitesimal rotations, where second- or higher-order approximations have been employed, is reviewed. The consistent and comprehensive approach for the first-order approximation of infinitesimal rotations, presented in this paper, is employed to derive the dynamic equations of a symmetric spinning top and a gyroelastic continuum and is proved to result in the correct and complete dynamic equations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".