19 Molecular Genetics of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies are defined as diseases of the myocardium associated with cardiac dysfunction. According to the WHO/ISFC criteria, cardiomyopathies in human beings are classified by the major pathophysiology as dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and right ventricular cardiomyopathy (Richardson et al. 1996). In dogs, dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy are the most common inherited forms of myocardial disease. CANINE FAMILIAL CARDIOMYOPATHIES Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary myocardial disease characterized by cardiac enlargement and impaired contractile function of one or both ventricles. Although canine DCM is traditionally discussed as one disease, significant variation in the age of onset, presenting complaint, clinical features, and disease progression have been observed among and within breeds (Freeman et al. 1996; Tidholm and Jonsson 1996; Calvert et al. 1997; Kittleson et al. 1997; Brownlie and Cobb 1999; Meurs et al. 2001a,b; Sleeper et al. 2002), indicating the genetic diversity of DCM. The metabolic basis remains unknown, but deficiencies in myocardial L-carnitine in boxers (Keene et al. 1991) and taurine in American cocker spaniels (Kittleson et al. 1997) have been observed. DCM is generally seen in large and medium-sized adult dog breeds. Some breeds are clearly overrepresented, and this seems to vary some-what with geographical location. In North America, the Doberman pinscher, Irish wolfhound, Great Dane, and American cocker spaniels are among the most commonly reported breeds (Monnet et al. 1995; Sisson et al. 2000). Some European references suggest an increased incidence in the Airedale terrier, Doberman pinscher, Newfoundland, and English...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".