Radiation and Bilateral Spontaneous Pneumothoraces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spontaneous pneumothorax can be a rare complication of thoracic radiation therapy with severe consequences. Most of the cases in the medical literature have been described in lymphoma patients receiving radiation therapy. Spontaneous pneumothoraces are divided into two types which consist of primary and secondary. Primary occurs in absence of any known lung condition, while secondary has an underlying lung disease. The etiology of primary spontaneous pneumothorax has not yet been determined but risk factors such as smoking, family history, and male gender have been described unlike that of secondary which is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other lung conditions. In this report, we discuss the association with radiation therapy and pneumothorax. The pathogenesis of this complication has not fully been elucidated although different mechanisms have been proposed. In this case report, we discuss the findings and management of a female patient treated for angiosarcoma from the scalp with metastasis to the lung that was complicated by pneumothorax.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".