Long‐term impact of temporary and persistent personality disorder on anxiety and depressive disorders
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is of interest to know if temporary and persistent personality disorders are associated with different outcomes. METHOD: A cohort of 210 people with anxiety and depressive disorders was followed up on nine occasions over 12 years. During this study, personality status was assessed at baseline and after 2 years using two methods, one linked to the new International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) severity codes. The impact on the symptomatic outcome and social function of temporary (i.e. personality disorder on one occasion only) and persistent personality disorder (personality disorder present on both occasions) was compared. RESULTS: Of the 162 patients studied we identified four groups (no personality disorder at any time (n = 46), two with temporary personality disorder (baseline only (n = 33) and 2 years only (n = 28), and persistent personality disorder (n = 55). Those with persistent personality disorder had significantly worse outcomes than other groups for self-rated anxiety symptoms (p = 0.02) and overall social function (p < 0.001), 81% had a current DSM diagnosis at 12 years compared with 52-65% in the other groups (p < 0.03). Significantly, more patients with ICD-11 moderate or severe personality disorder at baseline had persistent personality disorder than had temporary disorders (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Persistent personality disorder is associated with more severe personality dysfunction and has a negative impact on the outcome of common mental disorder and particularly on long-term social functioning. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".