Bibliographic record
Abstract
The ongoing climate change will have significant effects all over the world.Because of these changes some areas will be losing the benefits which they are enjoying today and some will gain their economies.Maritime industry being global in nature will share the profits and the losses a region will be facing in future.The international community is endeavoring to delay these changes but we have to be realistic.Climate change is already underway and cannot be stopped.To secure our future, we must prepare ourselves and do our best to adapt to these changing conditions.Many studies have already been conducted to analyze the effects of these changes on different walks of life, but very little is studied to evaluate the effects of these variation on ports of the world.This dissertation examines the opportunities and impacts on ports studying the Arctic Region as that area will have maximum effects due to the global warming.In order to achieve the goal, firstly the economic imbalances due to the climatic affects in different regions are studied as they are the major sources for increase in global trade.History shows that whenever the trade patterns changes, the ports rises or falls with the changes.Today is a new turning point in shipping.With the melting of the Arctic ice cover new shipping routes are being opened.These will substantially shorten the shipping route for Europe and North-America to important trade destinations in the Pacific.This could mean in some instances a shortening of the shipping distance of up to 40 per cent.The study assesses the viability of Transarctic shipping in terms of distance, time and economics since the viability of Transarctic shipping is primarily an economic question as the power of free markets with increased demand for global transport and v logistics corporations are the decision makers when it comes to identifying new routing opportunities.The second attraction to maritime trade in the region is the opening of a new market of oil, gas and other minerals.Scientists have discovered world largest oil and gas reserves under the white ice of the Arctic Region.With the melting of ice, the access to these resources is also getting easier.This will increase the demand for ship transport for the oil and gas operations To assess the benefits of distance in adopting the Transarctic route, an empirical study using the Center of Gravity modeling is used by the author where the Canadian market is modeled for the containerized traffic.The study reveals that according to the data taken by the different sources in 2006, the Canadian ports in north or north east are in better position to be a hub port for the container market in Canada.But at present due to non availability of shorter route between North East Asia and northern Canada, shippers are calling port of Vancouver at the west coast of Canada due availability of a shorter route across the Pacific ocean.The study concludes that with the changes in climatic conditions where many ports will be losing business, Arctic ports will have the opportunities to gain economies.But this all is not possible without improving the infrastructure availability which can minimize the total cost in the whole logistics and supply chain.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.023 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".