A juvenile chasmosaurine ceratopsid (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An articulated, 1.5 m long skeleton of a juvenile Chasmosaurus, lacking only the front limbs, pectoral girdles, and terminal caudal vertebrae, was collected from the Dinosaur Park Formation in Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta. The short, tall skull has a narrow frill that lacks a posterior embayment. Many of the cranial bones are co-ossified in spite of the small size of the specimen. The nasals form an incipient horncore, and the short, knob-like postorbital horncore lacks sinuses. The palpebral is not fused to the rest of the skull. The frontal fontanelle is keyhole-shaped. The triangular squamosal extends to the back of the parietals. Epiossifications are lacking, although the squamosal margin is thick and scalloped. The parietal has a pronounced midline sagittal crest. Parietal fenestrae, if present, would have been narrow and elongate. There are only 18 maxillary tooth positions. The syncervical comprises three co-ossified, but distinct vertebrae. Anterior caudal vertebrae support unfused caudal ribs. Ossified tendons in the neck, trunk, and sacrum do not extend into the tail. Hind limb proportions are comparable to those of adult ceratopsids. The pedal unguals are distally acute. Skin impressions are similar to those of mature chasmosaurines. Phylogenetic analysis, if all characters are coded as they are seen, suggests that the specimen is a basal chasmosaurine. When size or age dependent characters are recoded as ‘?,’ the specimen groups with other Chasmosaurus. These characters should only be used in phylogenetic analyses when all specimens are mature.SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVPCitation for this article: Currie, P. J., R. B. Holmes, M. J. Ryan, and C. Coy. 2016. A juvenile chasmosaurine ceratopsid (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2015.1048348.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".