Larvicidal, Pupicidal and Smoke Toxic Activity of <i>Alangium salvifolium</i> Leaf Extracts against <i>Culex vishnui</i> Group Mosquitoes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Different vector mosquito species and the diseases spread by them are well studied. Several methodologies have been developed to control those vectors as means to get rid of those diseases with least hazardous effect on environment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the potentiality of leaf extract of the plant Alangium salvifolium as larvicide, pupicide as well as smoke toxic agent against Culex vishnui group mosquitoes. Various concentrations of crude and Chloroform: Methanol (v/v 1:1) extracts of leaves of A. salvifolium were prepared and applied against each of four successive instars larvae and pupae. In another study the smoke toxicity effect was studied after preparation of the mosquito coils from air dried leaf of the plant. First instar larvae showed 100% mortality at 0.5 mL crude concentration in 24 h. followed by second instar larvae (86.67%) and lastly fourth instars larvae (56.67%). 13.33% death rate was observed for the pupae with same concentration of crude extract. The LC 50 and LC 90 values of the solvent extract were 48.89 and 71.78 ppm respectively. The plant based mosquito coil exhibited 32% mortality against adult mosquitoes within 3 hr. No negative impact was observed on non-target organisms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".