Causation in equitable compensation: The 'Brickenden' rule in Singapore: Then Khek Koon v Arjun Permanand Samtani [2014] 1 SLR 245
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The controversial rule in Brickenden v London Loan and Savings Company of Canada [1934] 3 DLR 465 was recently introduced into the local jurisprudence on equitable compensation for breach of fiduciary duty. In Then Khek Koon v Arjun Permanand Samtani [2014] 1 SLR 245, the High Court accepted Brickenden as authority for the proposition that if a fiduciary is in one of the well-established categories of fiduciaries and has committed a culpable breach of his core duties of honesty and fidelity, he is liable to pay equitable compensation even if but-for causation cannot be proved. This note critically reviews the importation and the interpretation of the Brickenden rule by the High Court.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".