<i>Palmistichus elaeisis</i>(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Parasitizing Pupae of<i>Citioica anthonilis</i>(Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Collected on<i>Piptadenia gonoacantha</i>(Fabaceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The moth Citioica anthonilis (Herrich-Schaeffer, [1854]) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Ceratocampinae) occurs in areas of preserved forests, where it is a significant defoliator of Piptadenia gonoacantha (Martius) Macbride (Fabaceae) trees. In this study, caterpillars of fourth instar C. anthonilis were collected from the ground after falling from a P. gonoacantha tree in a herbarium and were reared in the laboratory. Pupae of C. anthonilis, the velvetbean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and the flour beetle Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were each parasitized by mated parasitoid females wasp Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle, 1993 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Data were collected relating to the levels of parasitism and emergence rates of P. elaeisis per host pupa, and the size of the host pupae. Our results show that the fecundity of P. elaeisis was highest in C. anthonilis hosts, probably because of the greater size of these pupae, which supported the development of an increased number of parasitoids. Therefore, C. anthonilis is a suitable host for rearing P. elaeisis in the laboratory, which could be a means of rearing parasitoids for the biological control of this defoliator of P. gonoacantha and other pests in Brazil.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".