Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ozone is one of the constituent gases of the atmosphere. This gas is concentrated in the stratosphere layer functions as a UV filter so as not to cause damage on the surface of the earth. This layer of ozone in most produced by the reaction of oxygen with ultraviolet light. Ozone in the troposphere is the layer of air pollutants and harmful to the respiratory system of human, animal and plant metabolism. The presence of ozone in Earth's atmosphere in low concentrations throughout the year. Decreased concentration or the ozone layer depletion triggered by the compounds of CFCs (Chloro Fluoro Carbon) and ODS (Ozone depleting Subsantance). ODS compounds include nitrogen oxide (N2O) is a byproduct of combustion, methyl bromide, carbon tetrachlorida and methyl chloroform. To determine the thickness of the ozone layer is measured by satellite instruments or Nimbus-7 satellite instruments EP-toms. Total concentration of atmospheric ozone standard can be determined using the unit DU (Dobson Unit). Concentration at a point can also be measured in units of ppb (parts per billion) or in μg.m³. Efforts to reduce ozone layer depletion, among others, regularly measure the thickness of the ozone, suppress the use of CFC compounds that are widely used as refrigrant in freezers, refrigerators, room air conditioning and engine cooling, spray cans for air freshener, perfumes, solvents, foam developers and reduce the use of ODS substances which have been agreed by the international community through the Montreal Protocol, Canada in 1987
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.202 | 0.086 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".