Comparison of ice load calculations using ISO 19906, CSA, API and SNIP
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The new International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19906 standard for offshore installations in the Arctic and sub-Arctic has extensive provisions for the calculation of ice loads on fixed offshore structures. Included are measures for the determination of ice loads due to crushing on vertical structures and for bending loads on sloping structures. Ice load comparisons have been made in the past between the Canadian Standards Association (CSA), American Petroleum Institute (API) and Russian Construction Codes and Regulations (SNiP) codes and these are combined herein with calculations using the ISO standard. The CSA and ISO standards have many similarities and care was taken in the writing of the ISO standard to consider the methods used in the SNiP code. In particular, considerable effort was made to harmonize the CSA and SNiP methods in the design of Sakhalin II, a gas production project located off the northeast coast of Sakhalin island. The paper will demonstrate the methods used and the results obtained from CSA, API, SNiP and ISO codes for ice load calculations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".