Timothy - the plant and its use on New Zealand farms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Timothy is an important pasture species in many cool-temperate regions of the world, particularly those with cold winters and moist summers. In New Zealand, this perennial grass has been used traditionally for mixed pasture in cool moist areas of the southern South Island. It is valued for hay as it retains good feed quality even when seedheads are present. Timothy's flowering and tillering response is different from perennial ryegrass, leading to a high tiller turnover in summer and making it vulnerable to mismanagement, pests and drought. Timothy's inherent digestibility and quality is no greater than perennial ryegrass but because of its late flowering nature, its quality is retained longer in pastures. This, combined with its lack of endophyte and higher clover content, commonly allows a greater animal performance from pastures. This paper reviews timothy's features and onfarm performance, explains how its features produce its characteristic performance, and considers its potential in current New Zealand grazing systems in different regions. Keywords: grazing, pasture, seeds mixtures, timothy
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".