Electron self exchange reactions of electroactive ionic liquid and nanoparticle materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chapter One is a basic introduction to the background and basic chemistry of both ionic liquid and gold nanoparticle materials. This chapter sets in place many concepts that are expanded upon in greater detail in later chapters. Chapter Two contains the synthesis and electrochemical analysis of a series of redox functionalized phosphonium ionic liquid materials. These materials were synthesized and characterized using NMR (1H, 13C, and 31P) and mass spectroscopy by Paul Ragogna's laboratory at the University of Western Ontario. Solution and neat melt electrochemistry (including cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and AC Impedance) was carried out to characterize the electrochemical behavior of these compounds and compare them to previous studies of other similar molecules. Chapter Three contains the successful synthesis of redox functionalized dendritic ionic liquids base on tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, poly(propylene imine) (PPI), and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. These redox functionalized dendritic ionic liquid materials were analyzed using NMR, mass spectroscopy, and solution and solid state electrochemistry. Despite the high melting points of these materials, electrochemical data was obtained for some neat materials at elevated temperatures and some were obtained using a special CO2 plasticization method. Chapter Four contains the use of the updated Au25(SCH2CH2Ph)18 synthesis, ligand exchange of Au25(L)18 nanoparticles, and the ligand effects on electron self exchange kinetics in solid state mixed valency films. The updated synthetic method has proven to be of great consequence by significantly increasing nanoparticle yield, purity, and ease of synthesis. MALDI data is presented to show purity of the materials and also to accurately show the extent of ligand exchange achieved. Linear sweep voltammetry was used to measure conductivity in solid state films of nanoparticles over the temperature range -10 degrees C to 30 degrees C with various para-substituted (electron withdrawing, donating, or neutral) mercaptobenzene ligands. The results of the solid state linear sweep measurements are also compared to a short study of the same ligand effect measured using AC impedance data. The results of this study indicate that nanoparticle film conductivity may be tuned by careful ligand selection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".