Transnational Families in Senegal: Access and Use of Information and Communication Technologies as an Indicator of Local Social Dynamics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our study focuses on the case of a population exposed to intensive international migration to Southern Europe in a small town, North West of Senegal. First essentially a male phenomenon, this mobility which has been going on for over three decades, concerns an increasing number of women. In all cases, both migrants and those left-behind are part of transnational social relationships based on important economic and social transfers which imply the access to communication tools such as the mobile phone and the Internet. As these technologies evolve extremely fast, there is a need to examine how these individuals and their families beyond the ownership of such technologies use these while facing economic and logistic constraints to maintain and develop their transnational contacts. We are presenting the preliminary results of a socio-demographic survey conducted in 2012 among a sample of 1112 women in this community which addresses the issue of how these womens communicate with the migrants in their families, especially their husbands. Our hypothesis is that the usage practices belong to complex social processes which need to be analyzed by going beyond the classical dimensions of education levels, income and gender relationships.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".