Small bowel adenocarcinoma and associated malignancies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
4088 Background: Small bowel (SB) tumors are uncommon and comprise only 1–5% of gastrointestinal cancers. In the Western countries, adenocarcinoma is the most common SB tumor and represents about 28–47% of all malignant SB tumors. Limited data is available about second malignancies in SB adenocarcinoma. Our experience of second malignancies in patients with SB adenocarcinoma in a Canadian province is presented here. Methods: Patients with SB adenocarcinoma and a second malignancy diagnosed since 1958 were identified by using Saskatchewan Cancer Registry. Patients with colo-rectal cancer with extension to the SB or with metastatic adenocarcinoma to SB were excluded. Results: Twenty-two patients with SB cancer and a second cancer were identified. The median age was 73 yrs (17–81) and M: F was 1:1. 7/17 (41%) patients had smoking history and 11/14 (79%) patients had history of alcohol intake. Family history was available in 16 patients and 8/16 (50%) patients had at least 1 (1–3) first degree relative with cancer. Seventy-seven percent patients had localized disease at the time of diagnosis. Sites of involvement were as follows: Duodenum 36%, Ileum 36%, and Jejunum 27%. All except 1 patient underwent curative or palliative resection of the tumor. None had received adjuvant therapy. The median time from the diagnosis of SB adenocarcinoma to a second malignancy was 8. 5 years (0–30). Six patients had ≥1 second cancer. In 32% patients, SB adenocarcinoma was the first cancer diagnosed. Median number of second cancers was 1 (1–4) and a total of 31 second cancers were diagnosed. The frequency of second cancers were as follows: Colon cancer 45%, breast cancer 23%, prostate cancer 13%, lung cancer 6%, rectal cancer 3%, thyroid cancer 3%, cervical cancer 3%, and ovarian cancer 3%. Median follow up period was 12.5 yrs (1–36). 24% with localized SB cancer had recurrence of the disease after curative resection. Median survival from the time of diagnosis of SB adneocarcinoma was 4 yrs (0.1–29).15 patients died during follow up period. 60% patients died of small bowel cancer and 27% died of second cancer. Conclusions: An association was noted between SB adenocarcinoma and colo-rectal cancer. Moreover, a long latency period was found between SB adenocarcinoma and a second cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".