Is There a Relationship between Rubble Field Configuration and Submarine Formations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Canadian Beaufort Sea, ice rubble fields frequently form when sea ice is driven over and grounds on submerged, relic drilling berms. This is also true of ice interacting with natural shoals. These rubble fields can be extensive, extending up to a kilometre along the principle axis of formation. In this paper, the relationship between the type of submarine formation that initiates rubble field development and the ultimate dimensions of the rubble field is explored. The analysis shows that although there is reasonable consistency in rubble dimensions at a specific location, the dependence of the size of the rubble field on the number of days of moving ice, ice conditions, water depth and other environmental parameters make a generalization of a rubble size relationship difficult to define. Nevertheless, there is a general trend of a 1:1 relationship between the size of the rubble field and size of the submarine berm. The type of submarine berm, one built for a caisson versus a sacrificial island berm, did influence the final dimensions of the rubble field.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".