Resonant Cantilever Wings for Monolithic MAVs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we present the concept, fabrication, and testing of resonant cantilever wings for monolithic micro aerial vehicles (MAVs). Combining new analytical and computational fluid dynamic work to determine the resonant mode, forces, and power of resonating curved cantilevers, we present a framework to calculate and optimize robot designs for certain figures of merit (i.e., greatest excess power, smallest size, and fastest time for a swarm to search a volume). The optimization results reveal promising designs on scales ranging from fruit flies to dragonflies with the optimal MAV having a maximum continuous travel speed of 2 m/s, 10 mm wing length, and 9 mg total mass. We then fabricate curved cantilever wings to test the theoretical model, which confirm the resonant frequency, resonant mode shape, power dissipated, and net force generated. This work is the first demonstration of asymmetric force from a symmetric flapping cycle and of the feasibility of curved cantilever wings for completely monolithic MAVs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".