Natural attenuation of NSO heterocycles in coal tar contaminated aquifers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
NSO heterocycles (HET) are typical constituents of coal tars. However, HET are not yet routinely monitored, although HET are generally toxic coal tar constituents. Natural attenuation of HET was studied at four different field sites in Germany and Canada. Compound-specific plume lengths were determined for all main contaminant groups (BTEX, phenols, PAH and HET). The results show that the plume lengths are site-specific and range between 40 m and 600 m. At all tips of the studied contaminant plumes, HET concentrations were always greater than the PAH concentrations indicating that the HET are generally more persistent against biodegradation than all other identified coal tar constituents. Hence, biodegradation was assessed and quantified using the centreline method (CLM) for the estimation of the first-order attenuation rate constants. Based on the observations and the results, recommendations for monitoring natural attenuation (MNA) of HET are provided.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".