Establishment of a trial to test direct seeding of lodgepole pine for reclamation on Gibraltar Mine properties, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent work with lodgepole pine has demonstrated that with the correct symbiotic partners, it can fix nitrogen which helps explain its pioneering nature. Current reclamation of disturbed sites to conifers employs the use of container stock and is not wholly successful. Problems with using nursery stock include seedling shock from harsh conditions associated with mine spoils and pre-colonization of seedlings by symbionts found in, and adapted to nursery conditions. Historically, direct seeding of pine in forestry in British Columbia putatively failed because of seed predation and desiccation. These challenges may be manageable and/or may not be important in reclamation work. In the fall of 2011, a modified direct seeding trial using lodgepole pine was established on a rock dump covered with ½ meter of fine textured overburden at Gibraltar Mines in McLeese Lake, BC. Pinus contorta var. latifolia seed collected from the Gibraltar property had a laboratory germination success rate of 99% and was used to plant the 3 hectare trial. The site was mostly planted to bare seed with 4 14m x14m sub-plots planted to various combinations of seed and symbionts. The theory, methods employed and experimental design of this trial and some of the challenges encountered are described.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".