Analysis of transient seepage into equally spaced ditch drains from a ponded field
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An analytical solution is proposed for simulating transient seepage into a system of ditch drains placed in parallel in a homogeneous and anisotropic soil confined by an impermeable layer and receiving water from an infinitely extended ponded field.The solution assumes the ponding depth over the surface of the soil to be uniform and the soil fluid to be of constant density.The model can be applied for both equal and unequal water levels in adjacent drains.The accuracy of the developed solution is checked by comparing for a flow situation the hydraulic heads and streamlines as obtained from the proposed model with the corresponding results obtained from an available steady state solution of the problem as provided by Kirkham [14].A numerical check on the proposed solution is also performed for a particular flow configuration of the problem in the transient zone.The study shows that flow in a ponded ditch drainage system is greatly influenced by anisotropy and directional conductivities of soils.The uniformity of surface flux distribution is found to be quite sensitive to the anisotropy ratio (the ratio of horizontal and vertical saturated hydraulic conductivities of soil) of a soil column -a higher anisotropy ratio favors and a low anisotropy ratio weakens this distribution.Furthermore, the time to attain steady state by a ditch drainage system can be considerable, particularly for situations where the drains are dug relatively deeper into a soil having a high anisotropy ratio.The analytical model presented here is significant as it can be used to design ditch drainage networks for reclaiming a salt-affected and/or waterlogged soil within a specified time.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".