Economic Liberalisation and Financing Pattern of Indian Acquiring Firms Abroad
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent policy shift related to trade liberalisation and deregulation of foreign investment policy at the global level has, probably, been the main determinant in the emergence of new patterns such as internationalisation of the production process. The study argues that it is not because the Indian acquiring firms were flush with a surplus of funds that they went in for acquisitions overseas. Instead, they have made use of new financial innovative products such as Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds, Foreign Currency Exchangeable Bonds, Special Purpose Vehicles, Private equity, and Venture capital in order to acquire large-sized firms abroad. The effective tax rate paid by these acquiring firms has significantly declined while these firms were excelling in terms of profitability. The average foreign exchange spending by these firms is much higher than the average foreign exchange earnings these are quite disturbing if we consider the interest of the country. Regulation by the state through measures of corporate governance is important in order to create conditions for growth and development in the domestic economy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".