Single-Molecule Analysis of Replicating Yeast Chromosomes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The faithful replication of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA occurs during S phase once per cell cycle. Replication is highly regulated and is initiated at special structures, termed origins, from which replication forks move out bidirectionally. A wide variety of techniques have been developed to study the features and kinetics of replication. Many of these, such as those based on flow cytometry and two-dimensional and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, give a population-level view of replication. However, an alternative approach, DNA fiber analysis, which was originally developed more than 50 years ago, has the advantage of revealing features of replication at the level of individual DNA fibers. Initially based on autoradiography, this technique has been superseded by immunofluorescence-based detection of incorporated halogenated thymidine analogs. Furthermore, derivations of this technique have been developed to distribute and stretch the labeled DNA fibers uniformly on optically clear surfaces. As described here, one such technique-DNA combing, in which DNA is combed onto silanized coverslips-has been used successfully to monitor replication fork progression and origin usage in budding yeast.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".