Testing the Implications of an Integrated Rural Tourism Framework for the Niagara Wine Region
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tourism, in general, can contribute to and integrate with rural economies for rural development through industry associations and community participation (Saxena et al., 2007), as well as act as a storehouse for “natural and historical heritage” (Lane, 1994, p. 103). As realization that tourism can benefit local areas increases, so too has the discussion around tourism as a tool for rural areas. In 2007, building on the concept of Integrated Rural Development (IRD), Saxena et al. first discussed the concept of Integrated Rural Tourism (IRT). IRT was suggested as an approach to understanding the complexities of rural tourism through an examination of seven components (networking, scale, endogeneity, sustainability, embeddedness, complementarity, and empowerment), and as a means for exploring the ability of tourism to produce benefits for the rural area. \n \nIn the past, IRT has been used to examine how tourism has aided rural development in Europe and the US; however, its use in Canada, and more specifically the Niagara Peninsula, has yet to be realized. Using the Niagara Peninsula Appellation (NPA), the largest wine region in Ontario and Canada, as the case study, this project involved interviewing 17 wineries and five industry associations, in an attempt to answer two specific questions: (1) how does the wine industry and wine tourism aid in the development of Niagara’s rural area using the IRT concept, and (2) how can IRT aid in rural development through direct, experiential, conservation, development, and synergistic benefits. \n \nWhile there is still work to be done to improve upon tourism’s positive impacts in Niagara and its peripheral rural areas more generally, this dissertation has found that wine tourism has produced direct, experiential, conservational, and synergistic benefits for the Niagara Region. While there were also some developmental benefits, there is greater need for community engagement and improved industry synergy. \n \nFurthermore, this dissertation has found that the concept of IRT provides a reasonable framework through which to analyze the ability of wine tourism to benefit rural areas, although the addition of a focus on the marketing efforts and future goals of the area are needed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it