Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes among Maasai Pastoral Communities in Simanjiro, Tanzania
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases in particular diabetes is rising worldwide especially in low income countries.Information on the risk factors at the community level is of paramount importance to enable strategic preventive programs.This study is undertaken to investigate the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose and associated risk factors among Maasai communities of Simanjiro District, Tanzania.Methods: This is a crosssectional population based study.Information on the risk factors is obtained using the World Health Organization STEPWISE approach.Target group are Maasai adults aged 25 years and above living in Simanjiro District.Descriptive statistics is used to explore prevalence and risk factors of Type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose.Type 2 diabetes is defined as fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L and/or being on diabetic medication.Impaired Fasting Glucose is defined as fasting blood glucose between 5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L.Pearson correlation and regression are used to investigate the association of risk factors with fasting blood glucose.Results: Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is at 0.9% (95%CI; [0.3, 2.1]) and impaired fasting tolerance at 2.4% (95%CI; [1.3, 4.1]).Fasting blood glucose is positively (p < 0.05) associated with body mass index, weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, main work but negatively associated with number of fruit intake days per week.Conclusion: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose is low in this particular sub-population which presents an opportunity for prevention.For successful prevention of diabetes among Maasai in Simanjiro District, programs should be tailored on reduction of obesity, blood pressure, and encouragement of consumption of fruits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".