The Effect of a Limited Supply of Phenylalanine, Threonine, or Tryptophan on Mammary Metabolism in Dairy Cows
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dairy cows require amino acids (AA) in the correct amount and profile to maximize milk protein secretion. This study was conducted to examine the effects of a deficiency of 3 essential AA - phenylalanine (Phe), threonine (Thr) and tryptophan (Trp) - on mammary metabolism and milk production. Five Holstein cows were abomasally infused with water or AA solutions that contained all AA, or were deficient in Phe, Thr, or Trp. Milk and milk protein yields decreased with a deficiency of Phe or Thr but not Trp. Arterial concentrations of Phe, Thr, and Trp decreased with their respective deletions, whereas concentrations of metabolites that serve as energy substrates were unaffected by treatment. Mammary plasma flow and mammary uptake of several AA changed in response to treatments, demonstrating that the mammary gland can respond to changes in nutrient supply in an attempt to maximize milk synthesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".