Arctic Sovereignty and the Cold War: Canada-U.S. Relations and the Establishment of the DEW Line
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis analyzes how Arctic sovereignty issues shaped Canada's negotiations with the United States about the establishment of the Distant Early Warning Line (DEW Line) in the Canadian Arctic during the 1950s.Against the backdrop of Cold War tensions, Ottawa and Washington agreed to install a chain of radar stations along North America's Arctic border-mostly through Canadian territory-in an attempt to detect and deter potential Soviet nuclear attacks crossing the North pole.The asymmetric nature of Canada-U.S. relations and Ottawa's consequent dependence upon U.S. defense stewardship, however, conflicted with Canadians' view of their country's recent national emancipation from its colonial relationship with Great Britain.During World War II, Ottawa's experience with Canadian-American Northern defense cooperation had been mixed as a result of U.S. construction and operation of defense installations perceived to infringe upon Canada's sovereignty.Whereas these wartime irritations informed Ottawa's position throughout the DEW Line negotiations, the Canadian North carried significance beyond the strategic-military rationale of the Cold War.Canada's Arctic served as a key element in the cultural construction of a Canadian national identity, in turn influencing how Ottawa conceived of the implications of a large American presence along Canada's Northern frontier.This study demonstrates how sovereignty concerns shaped Ottawa's course of action during the DEW Line negotiations, ensuring Canadian
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.021 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".