How the wealthy give: comparisons between Australia and comparable countries (USA, Britain and Canada)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Australia has little tradition of significant philanthropic giving. Compared with the United States, private donated wealth has played a minor part in the building of Australia's major civic, welfare, and cultural institutions. Australia still has no real counterparts to the Carnegies, Rockefellers, Fords, or their more recent manifestations: Bill Gates, George Soros or the Packard family. Australia's wealthy families have neither their mythic quality, their power, their reputation for beneficence, nor, perhaps, their notoriety. Nor are the small number of philanthropic foundations established by some of Australia's philanthropic families perceived as fundamental to the fabric of Australian society, and even to its international identity, as is the case, for example, with the USA's Ford Foundation, which since its creation in 1936 has made more than US$10 billion in grants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".