Drug resistant tuberculosis in Montreal 1992-1995
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective. Since the 1980's the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Montreal has remained at 11 cases per 100,000. In order to improve TB prevention and control programs, we sought to identify predictors of tuberculosis drug-resistance and to describe the epidemiology of TB drug resistance on the island of Montreal. Study design. Retrospective descriptive analysis Study population. All culture proven TB patients reported to the Montreal Regional Health Board aged 0--49 for 1992--1994 and 0--18 years for 1995. Results. Drug resistant TB was found in 18.3% of culture-proven TB cases. The rate of INH resistance in our study cohort was 10.6%. Two percent of TB cases were found to have MDR-TB. Only 3 TB cases (0.9%) in our study cohort developed acquired drug resistance over the study period. Previous history of TB was associated with a 3.9 times greater risk of drug resistant TB. Conclusions. Drug resistance is a significant problem in Montreal that continues to hinder TB treatment and control. Previous history of tuberculosis is a strong predictor of drug resistance. In addition, immigration from individual countries was not associated with an increase in the rate of drug resistance. Nonetheless, country-specific drug resistance rates may serve to predict the likelihood of drug resistant TB among the foreign-born in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".