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Record W2263498292

Loudness Assessment of Music and Speech

2004· article· en· W2263498292 on OpenAlex
Esben Skovenborg, René Quesnel, Søren H. Nielsen

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of the Audio Engineering Society · 2004
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicMusic and Audio Processing
Canadian institutionsMcGill University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLoudnessSpeech recognitionCategorizationComputer scienceTone (literature)Noise (video)AcousticsMathematicsArtificial intelligenceLinguisticsComputer vision
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

An experiment was performed to investigate the assessment of loudness of music and speech using a General Linear Model. Eight expert listeners participated in the experiment. The method of adjustment was used for loudness matching of stimuli. Both stimuli of each pair were selected from a collection of 147 homogeneous audio segments including representative samples of speech, jazz, rock/pop, and classical music, together with pink noise and a 1 kHz tone. For each segment, a reliable estimate of the loudness level was obtained from the model. Both the uncertainty and the subjectivity factors were shown to depend on the class of the stimuli. An alternative categorization based on four MPEG-7 Audio Descriptors was also used for the analysis.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.424
Threshold uncertainty score0.214

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.010
GPT teacher head0.226
Teacher spread0.217 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it