La Nature Juridique des Sûretés Réelles en Droit Civil et en Common Law: Une Question de Tradition Juridique? (Real Security within Civil Law and the Common Law: A Matter of Legal Traditions?)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although at first blush it might seem possible to contrast the Civil Law on secured transactions - which takes an essentialist or notional approach to securities law - with the North-American Common Law on security interests - which opts for a functionalist or functional approach to securities - the picture is in fact far less clear-cut. Indeed, while the Civil Law on securities is taking on more and more of a functionalist hue, and particularly so in Quebec Civil law, the North American Common Law on secured transactions is still marked by the importance of the legal characterization of transactions. The theory that the approaches in securities law in the Civil and Common Law systems are symbiotically converging is thus defensible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.052 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.021 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".