Fascism and Culture in Roberto Bolaño’s Estrella distante and Nocturno de Chile
Bibliographic record
Abstract
El artículo analiza cómo las dos novelas se complementan entre sí para ilustrar distintos impulsos autoritarios. En estas obras Bolaño analiza la forma en la cual el fascismo domina el ámbito cultural chileno. Si bien está claro que el personaje principal de Estrella distante, un oficial de la Fuerza Aérea de Chile durante la dictadura de Pinochet, tiene tendencias fascistas, el personaje principal de Nocturno de Chile, un sacerdote del Opus Dei, desea permanecer fuera de los tiempos políticamente tumultuosos de la historia reciente. Sostengo que, al analizar a estos dos personajes juntos, podemos ver cómo la cultura fascista define la literatura como autónoma de la historia y la política. El novelista analiza los mecanismos del fascismo literario y al mismo tiempo busca desmantelar esta tendencia fascista sin reinstaurar la misma lógica en sus propias obras al caracterizar los personajes como jánicos (Jano bifronte). Los personajes jánicos desafían los binarismos de identidad y diferencia, formulando una noción de lo político que procura desmitificar y repensar binarismos políticos.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".