Microbially Influenced Corrosion in Oil Sands Water Handling Facilities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Brackish waters drawn from the McMurray and Grand Rapids geological formations are being used increasingly to support the recovery of bitumen from Alberta oil sands by steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD); yet, these waters are proving to be surprisingly corrosive. Because continuous availability of water is critical to sustained production, a study was initiated to determine the potential role of MIC in water handling and treatment facilities. Field samples of water and cut-out pipe provided by an operating company were characterized in terms of chemical and microbial activity. Corrosion rates were determined by the weight loss method and by linear polarization resistance. Microbial community composition was determined by DNA isolation, amplification of 16S genes and pyrosequencing. Results for brackish waters drawn from the McMurray and Grand Rapids formations showed important differences, with the former being generally more corrosive. It appeared that methanogenic archaea contribute to corrosion problems at the water intake point, whereas sulfate-reducing bacteria contribute downstream from the injection point for the oxygen scavenger sodium bisulfite.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".