Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is with great sadness and enormous sorrow that I report the passing of a founder of the International Journal of Health Services and a member of the journal’s Editorial Board from the beginning. Giovanni Berlinguer was born in Sassari, Sardinia, and received his degree in medicine and surgery from the University of Rome in 1952. He had an extensive and productive academic career as a professor of social medicine and occupational hygiene. He wrote many books on the impact of the political, economic, and social contexts on the well-being, quality of life, and health of populations. He also published extensively in several languages on bioethics and the politics of health. He was a founder of what is now called the social determinants of health. As an author who influenced the understanding of medicine in medical institutions under capitalism in developed and developing countries, some of his books became classics. Dr Berlinguer was Emeritus Professor at the University of Rome, honorary professor at the independent University of Santo Domingo, and honorary Doctor of the University of Montreal and the University of Brasilia. He received innumerable awards and was no doubt one of the major intellectuals of social medicine in the 21st century. Dr Berlinguer was also active in policy making, helping me to found the International Association for Health Policy and becoming a key member of that organization. He also headed the first National Health Plan as part of the Economic Development Program adopted by the Italian Parliament in 1968. He served on the UNESCO International Bioethics Committee and the World Health Organization’s Commission on the Social Determinants of International Journal of Health Services 2015, Vol. 45(4) 585–586 ! The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0020731415603875 joh.sagepub.com
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.024 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.032 | 0.037 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".