What Kind of Life? Why the Canadian Charter's Guarantees of Life and Security of the Person Should Include the Right to a Healthy Environment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This is an exciting time for the environmental and human rights movements. A growing majority of countries are recognizing the international human right to a healthy environment, and Canada is poised to join them. Two members of the Aamjiwnaang First Nation Community are arguing in a Canadian court that the government, by granting permission for increasing pollution in their community, is violating their Canadian Charter rights to life and security of the person. Thus, there is a real possibility that in the next year or so, a Canadian court will recognize for the first time that the Charter includes a right to a healthy environment. This article uses Canada’s international human rights obligations and domestic Charter law to demonstrate why Canadian courts should find that the Charter rights to life and security of the person include the right to a healthy environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.022 | 0.032 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".