Enhancement of the hypoxic ventilatory reponse in adult rats subjected to neonatal maternal separation is not affected by sleep‐wake states
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Neonatal maternal separation (NMS) disrupts respiratory control development. In the awake male rat, the hypoxic ventilatory response of adults previously subjected to NMS is ~25% greater than controls (Genest et al., 2004; 2007). Because changes in arousal state affect respiratory control, we tested the hypothesis that NMS‐related enhancement of the hypoxic ventilatory response occurs during sleep also. Experiments were performed on two groups of rats (n = 5 per group): Pups subjected to NMS were placed in an incubator 3h/day for 10 consecutive days (P3 to P12). Controls were undisturbed. Rats were then reared normally until adulthood (8 – 10 weeks) when EEG and neck EMG electrodes were implanted for sleep‐wake state monitoring by telemetry. Following recovery (14 days) baseline ventilatory activity was measured using plethysmography for 5 h. During each sleep‐wake state, rats were exposed to a brief hypoxic period (12% O 2 for 90 sec). Sleep‐wake states were scored visually. Minute ventilation changed across sleep‐wake states (p = 0.03). The hypoxic ventilatory response of NMS rats was greater than controls during wakefulness, REM, and non‐REM sleep (34, 47 and 53%, respectively; p ≤ 0.05). Since excessive hypoxic ventilatory response can lead to respiratory instability during sleep, these data suggest that early life stress exposure could predispose to respiratory disease in the adult. Supported by the CIHR.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".