Effect of Clear Choice™ Herbicide on Tropical Sod Webworms (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in St. Augustinegrass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clear Choice® (Petro-Canada, Calgary, Canada) is an environmentally-friendly herbicide for broad-leaf weed control in turfgrasses. However, our laboratory and field data show that the herbicide also will help control tropical sod webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Guenee, populations in St. Augustinegrass. We believe this is the first report of an herbicide helping to control a pest insect in any turfgrass. Mortality is primarily caused in small and medium-sized larvae by a feeding response (starvation or toxicity via ingestion) rather than direct contact or volatilization. Future research will be needed to determine the specific chemical(s) responsible for the larval mortality and if the herbicide may also help control other insect pests of turfgrasses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".