Zum geogossenen Bronzekessel aus dem Hort vom Berg Bestau, Nordkaukasien
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article deals with the cast bronze vessel that was found as part of a hoard with bronze and iron artefacts discovered in 1951 on the northwestern slope of the Beshtau mountain, Pyatigorsk district. Currently, the whole complex is dated from the period of the frrst Cimmerian invasions 715/714 BC and until the third quarter of the 7th century Be. The vessel is unique and it represents the most ancient cast vessel from the European part of the Eurasian continent, found together with the reliably dateable objects. However, even though several more or less authentic depictions of the vessel were published. its detailed description is still missing. Furthermore, the examination of the vessel now kept in the archival depository of the Pyatigorsk Regional Museum has shown that the drawing published in 1954 by A. A. lessen does no! match the original. On the basis of large comparative material we try to deliver a detailed analysis of morphological and technological characteristics of the Beshtau mount vessel, together with related ones from Northern Caucasus, the Lower Volga region, Minusinsk Basin and Northern China. According to that we can not consider the vessels found in Northern Caucasus and the Lower Volga region as direct imports from Southern Siberia or Northern China. At the same time, a number of shared details such as resemblance of techniques. allows lo speak about a similarity of the idea embodied in the bronze vessels, and the same source of their origino The distribution of cast vessels in Northern Caucasus can be connected with the arrival of a new population from the East who had introduced the knowledge of hollow casting of large-size objects, unknown in Eastern Europe during the previous periods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".