Peptidergic innervation of the excurrent ostia of two orthopteroid insects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: The dorsal vessels of two Orthopteroid insects, the African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, and the Vietnamese stick insect, Baculum extradentatum, were examined for their morphology. The dorsal vessels of both of these species consist of a tubular heart and an aorta that extends anteriorly into the head. Alary muscles, associated with the hearts, are anchored to the body wall with attachments to the dorsal diaphragm. Alary muscle contraction draws haemolymph into the heart through incurrent ostia. Excurrent ostia are present in both species with 7 pairs in the locust and 3 pairs in the stick insect. Each excurrent ostium is made up of a mass of cells that produce openings or slits that allow the haemolymph to exit the heart and enter the perivisceral cavity directly without traveling through the aorta. Muscle fibers are associated with the excurrent ostia and these receive innervation from nerve processes containing proctolin-like immunoreactivity. These data indicate that the excurrent ostia are most likely under modulation from neuropeptides that might result in microcirculatory changes in these insects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".