Modulation of Bovine Wnt Signaling Pathway Genes by Cowpea Phenolic Extract
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Wingless (Wnt) signaling pathway is a conserved pathway with essential roles in cellular and biological processes in mammals. Wnt signal transduction has been implicated in inflammation, innate immunity and homeostasis via Toll-like receptor and NF-kB pathways. Plant bioactive compounds are capable of modulating the Wnt signalling pathway, which can be either a canonical (B-Catenin dependent) or non-canonical (B-Catenin independent) mechanism. This study evaluated the effect of cowpea phenolic extract (CPE) on the expression and modulation of genes of the Wnt signaling pathway in cow blood. Whole blood collected from six Holstein-Friesian cows was treated with 10 ug/ml of the extract, and evaluated for packed cell volume (PCV), total count and viability of cells, and white blood cell differential count before and after treatment. Cowpea phenolic extract agonist activity in blood was measured using a Bovine toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, and TLR 4 ELISA kit. Total RNA was isolated from the blood cell pellet, reverse transcribed and used for real-time PCR to detect expression of 84 genes on the Cow Wnt signaling pathway array. The total cell-associated B-Catenin level was measured using a commercial ELISA kit. There was no treatment effect on PCV, total cell and viability (P > 0.05). The percentage of mononuclear cells were influenced by treatment, % monocytes (P = 0.0136) decreased and % lymphocytes (P = 0.0114) increased. Treatment with CPE activated cow blood cells, increased TLR2 release and total B-Catenin levels (6 ng/ml, P < 0.05), but TLR4 was not detected. Polyphenols from cowpea modulated the expression of Wnt signalling genes, especially canonical B-Catenin mediated pathway genes. Modulation of Wingless gene expression may be an important mechanism by which polyphenols in cowpea feed impact cellular immune response and homeostasis. Thus, further studies are needed to determine the association of CPE-mediated Wnt gene modulation on blood leucocytes subpopulations and animal health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".