Evaluating the quality and accuracy of online physical activity resources for individuals living with osteoporosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the quality and accuracy of online physical activity (PA) information for individuals living with osteoporosis. Using a systematic review protocol and guided by previous synthesis research, 57 websites were included in this study. Two independent coders evaluated each website by extracting data pertinent to descriptive characteristics, technical quality, and accuracy of PA information. While most websites presented information regarding aerobic (94.47%) and resistance (89.47%) PA, rarely was information presented consistent with public health recommendations for PA in older adults or recommendations advanced by Giangregorio et al. (2014). Considerably less information was devoted to balance or flexibility forms of activity. Most websites included information on the benefits (94.40%) and safety considerations (72.20%) for PA for individuals living with osteoporosis. Other cognitive or behavioral aspects linked to PA were less common features of coded websites. Greater attention to public health guidelines or evidence-informed recommendations when developing websites to encourage individuals living with osteoporosis to adopt PA is recommended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.140 | 0.570 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.013 | 0.014 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".