Richard Newall’s voyage to Newfoundland in 1623: New insights into Sir William Alexander’s attempts to establish a Scottish colony in Nova Scotia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 1623, Sir William Alexander dispatched a ship from London to establish a Scottish colony in present day Nova Scotia. This was his second attempt after a ship dispatched in the previous year turned back before reaching Nova Scotia. The 1623 voyage stopped in St. John’s, Newfoundland to pick up the colonists from the earlier voyage, then sailed to Nova Scotia where it surveyed the coast then returned to St. John’s without establishing a colony. The only record of this voyage was in a pamphlet published by Sir William in 1624. Analysis of an unpublished handwritten journal kept by a Richard Newall on a voyage to Newfoundland in 1623 demonstrates that Richard was on the ship chartered by Sir William on its voyage from London to St. John’s. This journal provides new information on the ship, its crew, the colonists and the merchants involved in the voyage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.020 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".