A pilot study of exercise training in adult patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Positive effects of physical training in adults with acquired heart disease have been reported. The role of exercise training in adults with congenital heart disease, however, is less well defined. OBJECTIVES: To assess the level of physical activity in adult patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), as well as the safety and effect of exercise training in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A questionnaire of physical activity was filled upon entering the study by the participants. Eighteen adult patients with repaired TOF were then randomly assigned to participate in a three-month structured exercise program (exercise group, nine patients) or to continue their usual exercise routine (control group, nine patients). Each patient in the exercise group received an individualized exercise program to be performed three times a week, whereas the control group was told to continue living their life as usual. Cardiopulmonary testing was performed in all patients at baseline (before randomization) and at the end of the study. RESULTS: No death or incidents occurred during the study period. All patients but one were physically inactive at the onset of the study. There was a significant increase in peak oxygen consumption in the exercise group by the end of the study (22.1 mL/kg/min [6 metabolic equivalents (METS)] versus 24.3 mL/kg/min [7 METS], P=0.049), whereas it remained unchanged in the control group (21.8 mL/kg/min [6 METS] versus 22.1 mL/kg/min [6 METS], P=0.825). CONCLUSION: In clinically stable adult patients with repaired TOF, a moderate level of exercise training improves aerobic capacity. Regular exercise should be encouraged in these sedentary patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".