Acid (H₂S0₄) production, persistence, and functional importance of the annual, brown seaweed Desmarestia viridis in Newfoundland, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Current models of shallow rocky community organization and stability in the \nnorthwestern Atlantic (NWA) emphasize kelps and their vulnerability to grazers and \nother mortality agents. This paradigm may overshadow the possible contribution of other \ngroups of less studied seaweeds with overlapping distribution to ecosystem resilience. \nThe annual, brown seaweed Desmarestia viridis is one of only a few species of fleshy \nseaweeds commonly found in urchin barrens in the NW A. The exceptional ability of \nD. viridis sporophytes to produce and store sulfuric acid (H₂S0₄) in intracellular vacuoles \nmakes the species a compelling model for studies of controls and importance of acid \nproduction in seaweeds at the individual, population, and community levels. This research \nused laboratory experiments and surveys of individuals and populations throughout an \nentire growth season (February to October 2011) at two subtidal sites on the southeastern \ntip of Newfoundland (Canada) to determine controls of acid production in, as well as the \nfunctional importance and persistence of, D. viridis sporophytes. Results showed that \nlight, grazing, and epibionts have no perceptible effects on intracellular acidity, whereas \ntemperature and wave action exert strong, synergistic effects. Mortality rates and sea \ntemperature from March to late June were relatively low, whereas the onset of increasing \nmortality in mid-August coincided with marked increases in sea temperature. The quick \ndevelopment of "Desmarestia beds" in urchin barrens created biological structure for \nmajor recruitment pulses in characteristic invertebrate and fish assemblages. These \nfindings provide novel insights into the ecological and evolutionary causes and \nconsequences of acid production in Desmarestiales, while elevating the importance of \nD. viridis as a foundation species in urchin barrens in the NWA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".