Evaluation antiviral activity of aerial parts extracts of Echinacea purpurea from Iran against HSV-1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since years ago, phytopharmaceutical drugs have been used by various societies, as a traditional treatment. Echinacea purpurea (Asteraceae) is the best known of the dozen or so species of the genus Echinacea, a group of perennial prairie wildflowers native to the central grasslands of North American. E. purpurea is cultivated widely throughout the United states, Canada and Europe, although it has became widespread throughout the world, for its beauty as well as for its reported medicinal properties. Echinacea is used most widely as prevention or treatment for the common cold and flu, but they are also indicated for infections and topical conditions such as candidiasis, strep throat, staphylococcus infections, infected wounds, skin ulcers and burns, with the proposed mechanism of action relating to its reported ability to stimulate the immune system In this study, we investigated the antiviral effect of aerial parts extract of E. purpurea cultivated in climatic condition of Iran on HSV-1. For this purpose aerial parts plant was collected in flowering stage. The plant material was ground and extracted with 30% ethanol by maceration. The macerate was filtered and concentrated at 40?C in a rotary evaporator. Vero cell were grown in Dulbeco’s modified Eagle medium containing 5% fetal bovine serum, in 96 well micro test trays. The results show that E. purpurea has activity against HSV-1 virus cytopathic effect. So possibly, it has the potential antiviral activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".